List of chess openings named after people
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The Oxford Companion to Chess lists 1,327 named openings and variants.[1] Chess players' names are the most common sources of opening names. The name given to an opening is not always that of the first player to adopt it; often an opening is named for the player who was one of the first to popularize it or to publish analysis of it.
Below is a list of chess openings named after people.
See also
References
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- ^ "Mark Taimanov vs Laszlo Szabo, Leningrad 1967, Budapest Defense: Adler Variation (A52)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1137314. Retrieved 2009-10-26.
- ^ "Chess Opening explorer: C20 Alapin's opening - 1. e4 e5 2. Ne2". 365Chess.com. http://www.365chess.com/opening.php?m=4&n=355&ms=e4.e5.Ne2. Retrieved 2009-10-26.
- ^ "Chess openings Sicilian, Alapin (B22)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=b22. Retrieved 2009-10-26.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an Sunnucks, Anne (1970), Encyclopaedia of Chess, New York: St. Martin's Press, ISBN 978-0709146971
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Hooper, David; Whyld, Kenneth (1992), The Oxford Companion to Chess (second ed.), Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-866164-9
- ^ "B00: Reversed Grob (Borg/Basman defence/macho Grob)". 365Chess.com. http://www.365chess.com/opening.php?m=3&n=1204&ms=e4.g5. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ Benko, Pal (1974). The Benko Gambit. Batsford.
- ^ Mednis, Edmar (1994). How Karpov Wins. Courier Dover Publications.
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- ^ "Morant vs Abbe de Feuquieres, Paris 1680, King's Gambit: Accepted. Bonsch-Osmolovsky Variation (C34)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1259983. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ Pedersen, Steffen (2000). The Botvinnik Semi-Slav. Gambit Publications. ISBN 9781901983265.
- ^ "Brief notes on the history of Chess 1900 1". Chess-Poster.com. http://www.chess-poster.com/english/chesmayne/brief_notes_on_the_history_of_chess_1900_1.htm. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
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- ^ "Reti Opening: Anglo-Slav Variation, Capablanca Variation (A12)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/A12_Reti_Opening_Anglo_Slav_Variation_Capablanca_Variation. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ a b c d e "B20: Sicilian defence". 365Chess.com. http://www.365chess.com/opening.php?m=3&n=3&ms=e4.c5. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ Raetsky, Alexander; Chetverik, Maxim (2005). Petroff Defence. Everyman Chess. ISBN 1-85744-378-0.
- ^ Urcan, Olimpiu (2007). Surviving Changi. E.E. Colman: A Chess Biography. Singapore Heritage Society. ISBN 978-981-05-7922-7.
- ^ "King Pawn Game: Damiano Defense (C40)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/C40_King_Pawn_Game_Damiano_Defense. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ McDonald, Neil (2001). Concise Chess Openings. Everyman. ISBN 1-85744-297-0.
- ^ "Ruy Lopez: Morphy Defense, Duras Variation (C77)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/C77_Spanish_Game_Morphy_Defense_Duras_Variation. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ "King's Gambit: Accepted, Eisenberg Variation (C30)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/C30_Kings_Gambit_Accepted_Eisenberg_Variation. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ Smith, Ken and Hall, John (1994). The Englund Gambit and the Blackburne-Hartlaub Gambit Complex. Chess Digest. ISBN 0-87568-242-1.
- ^ Pinski, Jan (2005). Benko Gambit. Quality Chess. ISBN 91-975243-8-7.
- ^ Gutman, Lev (2004). Budapest Fajarowicz: The Fajarowicz-Richter Gambit in Action. Batsford. ISBN 0713487089.
- ^ Bobby Fischer, "A Bust to the King's Gambit", American Chess Quarterly, Vol. 1, No. 1 (Summer 1961), pp. 3-9.
- ^ a b c Wall, Bill. "List of chess openings". Archived from the original on 2009-10-28. http://web.archive.org/web/20091028034035/http://www.geocities.com/siliconvalley/lab/7378/opening.htm. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ "Efim Bogoljubov vs Aron Nimzowitsch, English Opening: Anglo-Indian Defense. Flohr-Mikenas-Carls Variation". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1093119. Retrieved 2009-10-31.
- ^ "D70-D99: Grünfeld: Three Knights (Flohr Attack)". Chess Archaeology. http://www.chessarch.com/library/0000_eco/d70_d99.shtml. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ Rizzitano, James (2005). How to Beat 1 d4. Gambit. pp. 160. ISBN 1904600336.
- ^ "Attacking the Spanish". New In Chess. http://www.newinchess.com/Attacking_the_Spanish-p-1829.html. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
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- ^ "SO Glek Variation 4.g3 - Yearbook Surveys". New In Chess. http://www.newinchess.com/SO_Glek_Variation_4_g3-so-464.html. Retrieved 2009-10-26.
- ^ "Neo-Grünfeld Defense: Goglidze Attack (D70)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/D70_Neo_Grunfeld_Defense_Goglidze_Attack. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ Grivas, Efstratios (2005). Complete Guide to the Grivas Sicilian. Gambit Publications. ISBN 978-1904600367.
- ^ Michael Basman (1991). The Killer Grob. Cadogan. ISBN 0-08-037131-0.
- ^ "C40: Irregular King's Knight: Gunderam". Chess Archaeology. http://www.chessarch.com/library/0000_eco/c40.shtml. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ a b c "Death of a chess original – Bukhuti Gurgenidze, 1933–2008". ChessBase. 2008-05-26. http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=4653. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ "Queen's Gambit Refused: Austrian Defense, Gusev Countergambit (D06)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/D06_Queens_Gambit_Refused_Austrian_Defense_Gusev_Countergambit. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ Rizzitano, James (2006). How to Beat 1.d4. Gambit. ISBN 1904600336.
- ^ "Frank Melville Teed vs Eugene Delmar, New York 1896, Dutch Defense: Hopton Attack (A80)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1242990. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ "A56: Benoni: Hromádka". Chess Archaeology. http://www.chessarch.com/library/0000_eco/a56.shtml. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ "Nimzo-Indian Defense: Huebner Variation, Main Line (E41)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/E41_Nimzo_Indian_Defense_Huebner_Variation_Main_Line. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ "Dutch, Ilyin-Genevsky Variation with Qc2 (A98)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=A98. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ Wall, Bill. "The Rice Gambit". Archived from the original on 2009-10-26. http://web.archive.org/web/20091026151229/http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Lab/7378/ricegamb.htm. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ Lane, Gary (2008). The greatest ever chess tricks and traps. Everyman Chess. ISBN 978-1-85744-577-0.
- ^ "Russian Game: Karklins-Martinovsky Variation (C42)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/C42_Russian_Game_Karklins_Martinovsky_Variation. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ "RL Karpov Variation 9...Nd7". New in Chess. http://www.newinchess.com/RL_Karpov_Variation_9___Nd7-so-486.html. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ "B27: Sicilian, Katalimov variation". 365Chess. http://www.365chess.com/opening.php?m=5&n=313&ms=e4.c5.Nf3.b6. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "King's Gambit: Declined, Keene Defense (C30)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/C30_Kings_Gambit_Declined_Keene_Defense. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ Pritchett, Craig (2006). Sicilian Scheveningen. Everyman Chess. ISBN 9781857444131.
- ^ a b "ECO A00-A49 (anglais)". Fédération québécoise des échecs. http://www.fqechecs.qc.ca/index.php?typ=actu&id=252&categorie=1. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ "Ruy Lopez: Closed Variations, Kholmov Variation (C92)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/C92_Spanish_Game_Closed_Variations_Kholmov_Variation. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ "Ruy Lopez, Open, Knorre variation (ECO: C80)". Chess-Ref.org. http://chess-ref.org/opening.php?id=1412. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "French, Winawer, Kondratiyev variation (ECO: C15)". Chess-Ref.org. http://chess-ref.org/opening.php?id=783. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "The Gambiteers Guild: Spanish Gambits". Vikingskak.dk. http://www.vikingskak.dk/GambiteersGuild/Gambits/e4e5Nf3.htm. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "Blackmar-Diemer Gambit: Declined, Lamb Defense (D00)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/D00_Blackmar_Diemer_Gambit_Declined_Lamb_Defense. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "ECO A01: Nimzovich-Larsen attack". 365Chess.com. http://www.365chess.com/eco/A01_Nimzovich-Larsen_attack. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "Vladimir Kramnik vs Peter Leko, Tilburg 1998, Indian Game: Anti-Grunfeld. Alekhine Variation Leko Gambit (E60)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1266450. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "D70-D99: Grünfeld: Russian (Levenfish)". http://www.chessarch.com/library/0000_eco/d70_d99.shtml. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "Sicilian, Dragon, Levenfish Variation (B71)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=B71. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "Italian Game: Two Knights Defense, Lolli Attack (C57)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/C57_Italian_Game_Two_Knights_Defense_Lolli_Attack. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "A40: Queen's pawn, Lundin (Kevitz-Mikenas) defence". 365Chess.com. http://www.365chess.com/opening.php?m=3&n=104&ms=d4.Nc6. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "King's Indian, Makagonov System (5.h3) (E71)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=E71. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ Winter, Edward. "The Marshall Gambit". http://www.chesshistory.com/winter/extra/marshallgambit.html. Retrieved 2009-06-01.
- ^ "French, McCutcheon (C12)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=C12. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ "Benoni Defense: Mikenas Variation (A66)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/A66_Benoni_Defense_Mikenas_Variation. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ "Paul Keres vs Sachsenmaier, Italian Game: Classical Variation. Greco Gambit Moeller-Therkatz Attack (C54)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1073529. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ "French Defense: Tarrasch Variation, Morozevich Variation (C03)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/C03_French_Defense_Tarrasch_Variation_Morozevich_Variation. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ "French Defense: Morphy Gambit (C01)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/C01_French_Defense_Morphy_Gambit. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "Vienna Game: Vienna Gambit, Hamppe-Muzio Gambit (C25)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/C25_Vienna_Game_Vienna_Gambit_Hamppe_Muzio_Gambit. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ "SOS Articles". New In Chess. http://www.newinchess.com/Archives/SOSList.aspx?OpeningID=22. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ "Ashot Nadanian - Yearbook Surveys". New In Chess. http://www.newinchess.com/Ashot_Nadanian-sa-133.html. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ "Sicilian, Najdorf (B90)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=b90. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ "Napoleon Bonaparte vs The Turk (Automaton), Schoenbrunn 1809, King Pawn Game: Napoleon Attack". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1250610. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ Hansen, Carsten (2002). The Nimzo-Indian: 4 e3. Gambit Publications Ltd. ISBN 1-901983-58-7.
- ^ Harding, T. D. (1981). The Nimzowitsch defence : 1e4 Nc6. Batsford. ISBN 9780713435979.
- ^ "Semi-Slav Defense: Noteboom Variation (D31)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/D31_Semi_Slav_Defense_Noteboom_Variation. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ "Sicilian, O'Kelly Variation (B28)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=B28. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ "Sicilian, Najdorf, Opocensky Variation (B92)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=B92. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "Bernard Parham: Creator of the Matrix System". Thechessdrum.net. http://www.thechessdrum.net/newsbriefs/2003/NB_BParham.html. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ Lane, Gary. "Ideas Behind Modern Chess Openings: Black". ChessCafe.com. http://www.chesscafe.com/text/lane84.pdf. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ Adams, Jimmy (1978). Sicilian Najdorf Polugaevsky Variation. The Chess Player. ISBN 0906042097.
- ^ "SOS Vol. 9 Chapter 15: Ruy Lopez: the Popov Variation". New in Chess. http://www.newinchess.com/Archives/SOSList.aspx?AuthorID=355. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ Olthof, Rene, ed (2006). Yearbook 78. New in Chess. pp. 243.
- ^ Litmanowicz, Władysław & Giżycki, Jerzy (1986, 1987). Szachy od A do Z. Wydawnictwo Sport i Turystyka Warszawa. ISBN 83-217-2481-7 (1. A-M), ISBN 83-217-2745-x (2. N-Z)
- ^ "Sicilian Defense: Quinteros Variation (B27)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/B27_Sicilian_Defense_Quinteros_Variation. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ Gufeld, Eduard; Stetsko, Oleg (2000). Richter-Veresov System: The Chameleon Chess Repertoire. Thinkers Pr Inc / Chessco. ISBN 9780938650973.
- ^ "Queen's Indian Defense: Riumin Variation (E16)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/E16_Queens_Indian_Defense_Riumin_Variation. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ "Sicilian, Rossolimo Variation (B31)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=b31. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ Tim McGrew (2002-07-01). "Giuoco Fortissimo: The Rousseau Gambit Part 1" (PDF). Chesscafe.com. http://www.chesscafe.com/text/skittles182.pdf.
- ^ "Nimzo-Indian, Samisch Variation (E27)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=e27. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ Santasiere, Anthony (1973). Futuristic chess opening: Santasiere's folly, or, The opening with a future. Dallas, Tex: Chess Digest.
- ^ "Carl Schlechter vs Géza Maróczy, French Defense: Schlechter Variation (C00)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1002548. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ a b "Schlechter Variation 4...g6 - Yearbook Surveys". New in Chess. http://www.newinchess.com/SL_Schlechter_Variation_4___g6-so-387.html. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ Krasenkow, Michal (2009.03.03). "Shabalov-Shirov Gambit accepted". ChessBase. http://www.chessbase.com/cbmnewsdetail.asp?newsid=5259. Retrieved 2009-11-16.
- ^ Burgess, Graham (1994). Winning with the Smith-Morra Gambit. Batsford. ISBN 0805035745.
- ^ "Grunfeld Defense, Smyslov (D99)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=D99. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ "Ruy Lopez, Closed, Smyslov Defense (C93)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=C93. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ "Sicilian Defense: Snyder Variation (B20)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/B20_Sicilian_Defense_Snyder_Variation. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ http://www.chess.com/article/view/history-of-opening-theory-soltis-vriation-of-the-dragon
- ^ "Isaac Kashdan vs Victor Soultanbeieff, Olympiad 1933, Slav Defense: Soultanbeieff Variation". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1281050. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "Sicilian, Fischer-Sozin Attack (B86)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=B86. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ "ECO B00-B49 (anglais)". Fédération québécoise des échecs. http://www.fqechecs.qc.ca/index.php?typ=actu&categorie=1&id=254. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ "King's Gambit Accepted, Pawn's gambit (Stamma gambit)". 365Chess.com. http://www.365chess.com/opening.php?m=6&n=33596&ms=e4.e5.f4.exf4.h4. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ "Ruy Lopez, Old Steinitz Defense (C62)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=C62. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ "Petrov, modern (Steinitz) attack". 365Chess.com. http://www.365chess.com/opening.php?m=6&n=765&ms=e4.e5.Nf3.Nf6.d4. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ "B20: Sicilian, Steinitz variation". 365Chess.com. http://www.365chess.com/opening.php?m=4&n=120&ms=e4.c5.g3. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ Aagaard, Jacob (2000). Easy Guide to the Sveshnikov Sicilian. Everyman Chess. ISBN 9781857442809.
- ^ "Sicilian, Taimanov (Bastrikov) Variation (B47)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=B47. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ de Firmian, Nick. Modern Chess Openings (15 ed.). McKay. ISBN 978-0-8129-3682-7.
- ^ Raymond, Keene (1984). French Defence: Tarrasch Variation. Batsford. ISBN 9780713445770.
- ^ Gufeld, Eduard; Stetsko, Oleg (1994). Winning With the Torre Attack. Henry Holt. ISBN 0805032800.
- ^ "The Traxler Counter Attack". ChessBase. 2004.06.13. http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=1710. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ "B07: Pirc, Ufimtsev-Pytel variation". 365Chess.com. http://www.365chess.com/opening.php?m=7&n=167&ms=e4.d6.d4.Nf6.Nc3.c6. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ Palliser, Richard. "The Velimirovic Attack". ChessPublishing.com. http://www.chesspublishing.com/content/4/apr09.htm#vel. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
- ^ "C60: Ruy Lopez, Vinogradov variation". 365Chess.com. http://www.365chess.com/opening.php?m=7&n=23417&ms=e4.e5.Nf3.Nc6.Bb5.Qe7. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "Sicilian Defense: Richter-Rauzer Variation, Vitolins Variation (B62)". Chess.com. http://www.chess.com/opening/eco/B62_Sicilian_Defense_Richter_Rauzer_Variation_Vitolins_Variation. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ Jouni Yrjölä and Jussi Tella (2001). An Explosive Chess Opening Repertoire for Black. Gambit Publications Ltd. ISBN 1-901983-501.
- ^ Guide to Chess Gambits (Part 2)
- ^ "French, Winawer (C18)". ChessGames.com. http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessopening?eco=c18. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ Marin, Mihail (2007). A Spanish Repertoire for Black. Quality Chess. ISBN 978-91-976005-0-7.
- ^ Saba, Marco. "Scacchi: Enciclopedia pratica dei Gambetti". Studimonetari.org. http://studimonetari.org/edg/. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ Kaissiber 5, p. 35
- ^ "Yearbook 78 - Products". New In Chess. http://www.newinchess.com/Yearbook_78-p-184.html. Retrieved 2009-10-26.
External links